Toward smart contract adoption in Vietnam’s construction sector: challenges and a conceptual implementation framework
Tóm tắt: 0
|
PDF: 0
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.main##
Author
-
Hung Tan NguyenVietnamese German University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet NamAnh-Kiet Ly-NgoVietnamese German University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
Từ khóa:
Tóm tắt
The construction sector is increasingly exploring smart contracts (SCs) to resolve persistent operational challenges, such as payment delays and disputes. This study systematically analyzes SC and Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) deployments globally and in Vietnam, identifying key legal, technical, and organizational constraints hindering domestic adoption. To bridge these gaps, a five-step implementation framework tailored to Vietnam's institutional and market conditions is proposed. The framework emphasizes incremental adaptation using regulatory sandboxes, a hybrid architecture integrated with Building Information Modeling (BIM), and fiat-based payment mechanisms. The findings highlight that successful adoption depends primarily on institutional readiness and regulatory alignment rather than the technology itself, advocating a phased approach aligned with local industry capabilities.
Tài liệu tham khảo
-
[1] S. Perera, S. Nanayakkara, M. N. N. Rodrigo, S. Senaratne, and R. Weinand, "Blockchain technology: Is it hype or real in the construction industry?," Journal of Industrial Information Integration, vol. 17, Art. no. 100125, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jii.2020.100125
[2] I. Rathnayake, G. Wedawatta, and A. Tezel, "Smart contracts in the construction industry: A systematic review," Buildings, vol. 12, no. 12, Art. no. 2082, 2022. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12122082
[3] AECOM, “Middle East property & construction handbook 2024,” 2024. https://publications.aecom.com/MEH/2024
[4] A. G. Mohamed, F. K. Alquahtani, M. Sherif, and S. M. El-Shamie, “Scrutinizing the adoption of smart contracts in the MENA region’s construction industry,” Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 1558-1577, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1080/13467581.2024.2329354
[5] Ž. Turk and R. Klinc, “Potentials of blockchain technology for construction management,” Procedia Engineering, vol. 196, pp. 638-645, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.08.052
[6] B. Penzes, “Blockchain Technology in the Construction Industry: Digital Transformation for High Productivity,” Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE), London, UK, 2018. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.14164.45443
[7] W. Song, H. Wu, H. Meng, E. Bian, C. Tang, J. Xi, and H. Zhu, “A Blockchain based Fund Management System for Construction Projects – A Comprehensive Case Study in Xiong’an New Area China,” in Proc. 8th Int. Conf. Smart Finance (ICSF), 2023. doi: 10.48550/arXiv.2308.12834.
[8] H. Hamledari and M. Fischer, “Measuring the impact of blockchain and smart contracts on construction supply chain visibility,” Advanced Engineering Informatics, vol. 50, Art. no. 101444, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aei.2021.101444
[9] Q. Wang, Y. Ding, J. Liu, and Y. Huang, "Blockchain mania: A perspective on corporate executive opportunism," Borsa Istanbul Review, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 424-434, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bir.2024.02.003
[10] E. Tan, "The missing piece: the link between blockchain and public policy design," Policy Design and Practice, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 488-504, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1080/25741292.2023.2233160
[11] Prime Minister of Vietnam, Approving the National Strategy for Digital Economy and Digital Society Development to 2025, with Orientation toward 2030, Hanoi, Vietnam, Decision No. 411/QĐ-TTg, Mar. 31, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://vanban.chinhphu.vn/?pageid=27160&docid=205555. (In Vietnamese).
[12] National Assembly of Vietnam, Electronic Transactions, Hanoi, Vietnam, Law No. 20/2023/QH15, Jun. 22, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://vanban.chinhphu.vn/?pageid=27160&docid=208421. (In Vietnamese).
[13] Ministry of Construction of Vietnam, Approving the Digital Transformation Plan for the Construction Sector for the 2020–2025 Period, with Orientation toward 2030, Hanoi, Vietnam, Decision No. 1004/QĐ-BXD, Jul. 31, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://thuvienphapluat.vn/van-ban/Cong-nghe-thong-tin/Quyet-dinh-1004-QD-BXD-2020-Ke-hoach-Chuyen-doi-so-nganh-Xay-dung-giai-doan-2020-2025-449666.aspx. (In Vietnamese).
[14] I. G. N. Anuradha, K. K. Ambagala, S. Nanayakkara, and S. Perera, "Adaptation of blockchain and smart contracts to the construction industry of developing countries," in Proceedings of the 11th World Construction Symposium (WCS 2023), Sri Lanka, Jul. 2023, pp. 73–85. https://doi.org/10.31705/WCS.2023.7
[15] D. N. Bolhassan, C. Changsaar, A. R. Khoso, L. Siawchuing, J. A. Bamgbade, and W. N. Hing, "Towards adoption of smart contract in construction industry in Malaysia," Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 141-160, 2022. https://doi.org/10.47836/pjst.30.1.08
[16] A. Waqar, A. H. Qureshi, I. Othman, N. Saad, and M. Azab, "Exploration of challenges to deployment of blockchain in small construction projects," Ain Shams Engineering Journal, vol. 15, no. 2, Art. no. 102362, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2023.102362
[17] Prime Minister of Vietnam, Approving the Project on Completing the Legal Framework for the Management and Handling of Virtual Assets, Electronic Money, and Virtual Currencies, Hanoi, Vietnam, Decision No. 1255/QĐ-TTg, Aug. 21, 2017. [Online]. Available: https://vanban.chinhphu.vn/?pageid=27160&docid=190832. (In Vietnamese).
[18] EU Blockchain Observatory and Forum, Smart Contracts. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, Nov. 2022. [Online]. Available: https://blockchain-observatory.ec.europa.eu/publications/smart-contracts_en
[19] N. O. Nawari and S. Ravindran, "Blockchain and Building Information Modeling (BIM): Review and applications in post-disaster recovery," Buildings, vol. 9, no. 6, Art. no. 149, 2019. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings9060149
[20] M. Grossman, "Blockchain in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA): Opportunities for regional integration and economic growth," Journal of International Business and Management, vol. 5, no. 5, 2022. https://doi.org/10.37227/jibm-2022-04-5373
[21] N. Alhanaee and T. Alhanaee, "Smart Contract Using Blockchain In Construction and Infrastructure Sector in the COVID-19 Pandemic," in Proceedings of the 38th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction (ISARC), Dubai, Nov. 2021, pp. 1018–1025. https://doi.org/10.22260/ISARC2021/0137
[22] L. Wu, W. Lu, and J. Xu, "Blockchain-based smart contract for smart payment in construction: A focus on the payment freezing and disbursement cycle," Frontiers of Engineering Management, vol. 9, pp. 177-195, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42524-021-0184-y
[23] Y. Jiang, Y. Wu, M. Zhou, H. Chen, and Z. Wang, "Coupling mechanism of green building industry innovation ecosystem based on blockchain smart city," Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 307, Art. no. 126766, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126766
[24] G. N. Do and T. K. Dao, "Identifying the legal dimension of smart contract under the light of Vietnamese contract law," Hanoi Law Review, no. 8 (255), pp. 48–63, 2021. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/380355716. (In Vietnamese).
[25] T. N. Pham and P. T. L. Nguyen, "Laws and regulations on smart contract in Vietnam: Facts and solutions," Journal of Legal Studies and Research, vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 182–206, 2022. https://journal.thelawbrigade.com/jlsr/article/view/1421
[26] L.-T. Nguyen, D.-T. Nguyen, K. N.-N. Nguyen, and D. T. V. Dang, "Blockchain adoption in logistics companies in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam," Cogent Business & Management, vol. 10, no. 2, Art. no. 2216436, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2216436
[27] T. M. Phuong Nguyen and P. V. A. Nguyen, "Legal framework for smart contracts: Some implications for Vietnam from Chinese law," Hue Journal of Law and Practice, no. 55, pp. 79–90, 2023. https://vjol.info.vn/index.php/pltt/article/view/83875/. (In Vietnamese).
[28] T. H. N. Vo, T. H. Chau, and T. Q. Dang, "Intention to accept smart contracts based on blockchain technology in Vietnamese businesses," in Disruptive Technology and Business Continuity, L. T. Tung, N. H. Sinh, and P. Ha, Eds. Singapore: Springer, 2024, pp. 119–133. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-5452-6_9
[29] V. T. Nguyen, Q. T. Nguyen, and V. P. Vu, "Investigating potential barriers to construction digitalization in emerging economies: A study in Vietnam," International Journal of Information Management Data Insights, vol. 4, no. 1, Art. no. 100226, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjimei.2024.100226
[30] M. Jin, R. Liu, and M. Monperrus, "On-chain analysis of smart contract dependency risks on Ethereum," arXiv preprint arXiv:2503.19548, 2025. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2503.19548
[31] W. Sun, M. F. Antwi-Afari, I. Mehmood, S. Anwer, and W. Umer, "Critical success factors for implementing blockchain technology in construction," Automation in Construction, vol. 156, Art. no. 105135, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2023.105135
[32] T. D. L. Donn, "Smart contracts and international trade: European legal strategies for managing challenges," Journal of Digital Technologies and Law, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 1042–1057, 2023. https://doi.org/10.21202/jdtl.2023.45
[33] S. Li, H. Shi, J. S. Sowah, and K. Zhai, "Customers’ blockchain adoption and suppliers’ provision of trade credit: A pre-registered report," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, vol. 86, Art. no. 102444, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2024.102444
[34] Prime Minister of Vietnam, Approving the National Digital Transformation Program to 2025, with Orientation toward 2030, Hanoi, Vietnam, Decision No. 749/QĐ-TTg, Jun. 3, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://chinhphu.vn/default.aspx?pageid=27160&docid=200163. (In Vietnamese).
[35] Prime Minister of Vietnam, Approving the Strategy for the Development of E-Government toward Digital Government for the 2021–2025 Period, with Orientation toward 2030, Hanoi, Vietnam, Decision No. 942/QĐ-TTg, Jun. 15, 2021. [Online]. Available: https://vanban.chinhphu.vn/?pageid=27160&docid=203403. (In Vietnamese).
[36] V.-T. Nguyen, A. D. Mai, and N.-T. Ngo, "An application of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in construction schedule management - a case study of Olalani Riverside Tower project," The University of Danang - Journal of Science and Technology, vol. 23, no. 10C, pp. 13–17, 2025. https://doi.org/10.31130/ud-jst.2025.23(10C).657E
[37] N. D. Canh, C. T. Quyen, L. T. Linh, R. V. Quyen, and P. T. Thuy, "Research and application of blockchain technology to enhance transparency and security in electronic voting systems," The University of Danang - Journal of Science and Technology, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 126–131, 2026. https://doi.org/10.31130/ud-jst.2026.24(3).079E
[38] N.-H. Tran and N.-T. Ngo, "Potential applications of Digital Twin and BIM technology in construction industry," The University of Danang - Journal of Science and Technology, vol. 23, no. 9D, pp. 106–112, 2025. https://doi.org/10.31130/ud-jst.2025.23(9D).573E.

