Multi-objective optimization framework for material and structural design: an application to permanent-formwork-integrated reinforced concrete beam

Tóm tắt

Multi-objective optimization methods are increasingly important in construction design, where technical, economic, and environmental criteria must be balanced. This paper presents an overview of a multi-objective optimization framework to support decision-making at the preliminary design stage. The framework comprises three main steps: (i) developing predictive models for each performance indicator; (ii) defining design scenarios and constraints; and (iii) applying optimization algorithms to identify solution sets that enable preference-based selection. A representative case study on the design of reinforced concrete beams with precast permanent formwork is also introduced, in which structural capacity, cost, and carbon emissions are simultaneously considered. The results demonstrate that the framework effectively identifies optimal solutions while elucidating trade-offs among criteria, thereby supporting context-specific design decisions. The proposed approach shows strong potential for broader application to other design problems, particularly with advances in big-data analytics and the growing urgency of integrating Net Zero objectives in the construction sector.