Công cụ tài chính thu hút vốn tư nhân cho đầu tư xanh: kinh nghiệm quốc tế và hàm ý cho Việt Nam
Tóm tắt: 0
|
PDF: 1
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.main##
Author
-
Tran Viet DungBanking Academy of Vietnam, VietnamNguyen Thi Thu TrangBanking Academy of Vietnam, VietnamNgo Anh NguyetBanking Academy of Vietnam, Vietnam
Từ khóa:
Tóm tắt
Trong bối cảnh biến đổi khí hậu, việc huy động vốn từ khu vực tư nhân đóng vai trò quyết định nhằm khỏa lấp khoảng trống ngân sách cho các mục tiêu phát triển bền vững. Bài báo sử dụng phương pháp nghiên cứu định tính và phân tích so sánh để hệ thống hóa các công cụ tài chính xanh, đồng thời đúc kết kinh nghiệm thực tiễn từ Liên minh châu Âu, Hoa Kỳ, Trung Quốc và một số quốc gia châu Á. Kết quả nghiên cứu khẳng định việc thiết lập khung pháp lý minh bạch, phát triển các công cụ dẫn vốn đa dạng (trái phiếu xanh, tín dụng xanh) và vận hành hiệu quả các cơ chế chia sẻ rủi ro (tài chính hỗn hợp, đối tác công – tư) là điều kiện tiên quyết để kích hoạt dòng vốn tư nhân. Trên cơ sở đánh giá thực trạng tại Việt Nam, nghiên cứu đề xuất các hàm ý chính sách nhằm hoàn thiện hệ sinh thái tài chính xanh và thúc đẩy sự tham gia của nhà đầu tư vào lộ trình chuyển đổi sang nền kinh tế carbon thấp.
Tài liệu tham khảo
-
[1] OECD, Investing in Climate, Investing in Growth. Paris: OECD Publishing, 2017.
[2] IEA, Net Zero by 2050: A Roadmap for the Global Energy Sector. Paris: IEA, May 2021.
[3] World Bank, Mobilizing Private Finance for Climate Action. Washington, DC, USA: World Bank, 2020.
[4] World Bank, Vietnam Country Climate and Development Report. Washington, DC, USA: World Bank, 2022.
[5] OECD, Mobilising Institutional Investment for Climate-Compatible Development. Paris: OECD, 2023.
[6] World Bank, Green Finance: A Global Perspective. Washington, DC, USA: World Bank Group, 2023.
[7] Climate Bonds Initiative, Sustainable Debt Global State of the Market 2024. London, UK: CBI, 2025.
[8] IEA, Southeast Asia Energy Outlook 2022. Paris: International Energy Agency, 2022.
[9] ADB, Accelerating Green Finance in Asia: The Role of Financial Markets. Manila, Philippines: ADB, 2022.
[10] IMF, Global Financial Stability Report: Climate Change and Financial Stability. Washington, DC, USA: IMF, 2021.
[11] CBI, “Green Bond Market Summary 2023”, Climate Bonds Initiative, London, UK, Rep., 2023.
[12] CBI, Sustainable Debt Global State of the Market 2024. London, UK: CBI, Jan. 2025.
[13] OECD, Green Finance and Investment: Mobilising Bond Markets for a Low Carbon Transition. Paris: OECD, 2017.
[14] OECD, Making Blended Finance Work for the SDGs. Paris: OECD, 2018.
[15] European Commission, The European Green Deal. Brussels, Belgium: European Commission, 2019.
[16] IEA, “An Energy Sector Roadmap to Carbon Neutrality in China”, International Energy Agency, Paris, France, Rep., 2021.
[17] CBIRC, “2023 Green Credit Implementation Report”, Beijing, China, Rep., Apr. 2024.
[18] CBI, “China Green Bond Market Report 2023”, Climate Bonds Initiative, London, UK, Rep., 2023.
[19] The White House, Inflation Reduction Act Guidebook: Building a Clean Energy Economy. Washington, DC, USA: The White House, 2022.
[20] ADB, Accelerating Green Finance in Asia. Manila, Philippines: ADB, 2022.
[21] World Bank, Energy Sector Decarbonization in Vietnam. Washington, DC, USA: World Bank, 2022.
[22] SBV, “Green Credit Market Development in Vietnam”, State Bank of Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam, Rep., Dec. 2024.
[23] SBV, “Green Credit Outstanding Balance and Growth in Vietnam, 2017–2024”, State Bank of Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam, Rep., 2025.
[24] SBV – Credit Department, “Structure of Green Credit by Economic Sector in Vietnam, 2023”, State Bank of Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam, Rep., 2024.
[25] Bloomberg Finance LP, “Vietnam Green Bond Market Data 2019–2023”, Bloomberg Terminal, New York, USA, Rep., 2023.
[26] FiinRatings, “Vietnam Sustainable Finance Outlook 2025: Towards International Green Standards”, Hanoi, Vietnam, Rep., May 2025.
[27] BIDV, “Green Bond Issuance Report 2024–2025”, BIDV, Hanoi, Vietnam, Internal Rep., 2025.
[28] V. V. Thuy and N. T. Hoa, “Green bond market development in Vietnam”, Journal of Banking, no. 2, pp. 15–24, 2025.
[29] PanNature, “Carbon Credit Market and CDM Projects in Vietnam”, Hanoi, Vietnam, Rep., 2023.
[30] Government of Vietnam, Decree on Mitigation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions, No. 06/2022/ND-CP, 2022.
[31] PwC Vietnam, “Vietnam ESG Survey 2025”, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Rep., 2025.
[32] Government of Vietnam, Decision on Environmental Criteria for Green Investment Classification, No. 21/2025/QD-TTg, 2025.
[33] PBoC, “Carbon Emission Reduction Facility Report 2024”, Beijing, China, Rep., 2024.
[34] ECB, “Green Finance Indicators Report 2023”, Frankfurt, Germany, Rep., 2023.
[35] Bain & Company, GenZero, Standard Chartered, and Temasek, “Southeast Asia’s Green Economy 2024 Report: Moving the Needle”, Singapore, Rep., Apr. 2024.
[36] Bain & Company, GenZero, Google, Standard Chartered, and Temasek, “Southeast Asia’s Green Economy 2025 Report: Unlocking Systems for Growth and Impact”, Singapore, Rep., May 2025.
[37] ICMA, “Green Bond Principles & Second Party Opinion: Cost and Coverage Survey”, London, UK, Rep., 2023.
[38] Morningstar, “Global Sustainable Fund Flows Report, Q2 2022”, Chicago, USA, Rep., 2022.
[39] OECD, ESG Investing and Climate Transition. Paris: OECD, 2022.
[40] MAS, “Project Greenprint and Green Finance Action Plan: Progress Update”, Singapore, Rep., 2023.
[41] VCCI, “Environmental Awareness and Practices of Vietnamese Enterprises Report 2023”, Hanoi, Vietnam, Rep., 2023.
[42] MPI and BCG, Green Growth: Opportunities and Pathways for Vietnam. Hanoi: National Political Publishing House, 2023.
[43] MoF Vietnam, “ESG Implementation and Sustainable Finance in Vietnam's Banking Sector”, Hanoi, Vietnam, Rep., 2025.
[44] GSO Vietnam, “Gross Investment by Economic Sector in Vietnam 2015–2024”, Hanoi, Vietnam, Rep., 2025.
[45] McKinsey & Company, “Charting a path for Vietnam to achieve its net-zero goals”, McKinsey & Company, New York, USA, Rep., 2023.
[46] National Assembly of Vietnam, Law on Environmental Protection, No. 72/2020/QH14, 2020.
[47] JETP, “Vietnam JETP Political Declaration”, Sharm El-Sheikh, Egypt, Rep., Nov. 2022.
[48] ASEAN Taxonomy Board, ASEAN Taxonomy for Sustainable Finance Version 2. Jakarta: ASEAN Secretariat, 2023.
[49] GFANZ, “GFANZ Progress Report 2023”, London, UK, Rep., 2023.
[50] ICAP, “Emissions Trading Worldwide: Status Report 2024”, Berlin, Germany, Rep., 2024.
[51] CBI, “ASEAN Sustainable Finance State of the Market 2023”, London, UK, Rep., 2023.
[52] Banking Academy Research Group, “Development of Green Financial Instruments to Mobilize Private Capital in Vietnam”, research project report, Ministerial-Level Project, Banking Academy of Vietnam, Vietnam, 2025.
[53] P. N. Thinh, “Greenwashing and the challenge of sustainable development in the construction industry”, The University of Danang - Journal of Science and Technology, vol. 22, no. 11C, pp. 57–61, 2024. https://doi.org/10.31130/ud-jst.2024.557E
[54] H. D. V. Anh, D. H. Man, and N. T. K. Quynh, “Who cares about your green reputation? Evidence from ‘financial watchdogs’”, The University of Danang - Journal of Science and Technology, vol. 22, no. 5A, pp. 122–128, 2024.

