Vấn đề biển đông trong quan hệ an ninh – chính trị giữa Trung Quốc và ASEAN giai đoạn 2016 – 2023
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.main##
Author
-
Đào Nữ Ngọc ThưTrường Đại học Ngoại ngữ - Đại học Đà Nẵng, Việt NamTrần Thị Ngọc SươngTrường Đại học Ngoại ngữ - Đại học Đà Nẵng, Việt Nam
Từ khóa:
Tóm tắt
Biển Đông là khu vực có vị trí chiến lược quan trọng, nằm trên tuyến đường biển huyết mạch nối liền Thái Bình Dương - Ấn Độ Dương và là nơi xảy ra tranh chấp thường xuyên giữa Trung Quốc và nhiều nước trong Hiệp hội các quốc gia Đông Nam Á (ASEAN) về chủ quyền các đảo, phân định các vùng biển và các hoạt động trên biển. Tranh chấp trên Biển Đông có tính chất phức tạp tác động trực tiếp đến mối quan hệ an ninh - chính trị giữa Trung Quốc với các nước thành viên ASEAN. Trong khuôn khổ bài viết này, tác giả khái quát vấn đề Biển Đông, phân tích thực trạng mối quan hệ giữa Trung Quốc và các quốc gia ASEAN trên lĩnh vực an ninh - chính trị liên quan đến vấn đề Biển Đông trong giai đoạn 2016 - 2023, từ đó đưa ra một số đánh giá và đề xuất một số hàm ý chính sách đối với Việt Nam.
Tài liệu tham khảo
-
[1] H. Thao, “China’s Nine-dash line claim from an international perspective”, Ca Mau Portal, 2014. [Online]. Available: https://www.camau.gov.vn/wps/portal/?1dmy&page=trangchitiet&urile=wcm%3Apath%3A/camaulibrary/camauofsite/gioithieu/chuyende/biendaoquehuong/tulieuvanban/agsasdgaeha [Accessed March 3, 2024].
[2] Mamchii, “Strategic Importance of the South China Sea”, Best Diplomats, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://bestdiplomats.org/
why-is-the-south-china-sea-important/#:~:text=The%20South%
20China%20Sea%20holds%20profound%20importance%20both%20regionally%20and,trillion%20happens%20on%20these%20waters [Accessed March 3, 2024].
[3] Department of Foreign Affairs - Republic of the Philippines, PH Protests CN Coast Guard Use of Military-Grade Laser, Dangerous Maneuvers Against PCG Near Ayungin, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://dfa.gov.ph/dfa-news/statements-and-advisoriesupdate/
31783-ph-protests-cn-coast-guard-use-of-military-grade-la-de-dangerous-maneuvers-against-pcg-near-ayungin [Accessed March 3, 2024].
[4] AFP, “Philippines Accuses China Coast Guard of Firing Water Cannon at Its Boats”, France 24, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20230806-philippines-accuses-china-coast-guard-of-firing-water-cannon-at-its-boats [Accessed March 3, 2024].
[5] Le, “Philippines releases video of Chinese ships and services in the South China Sea”, Vnexpress.net, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://vnexpress.net/philippines-cong-bo-video-vu-va-cham-voi-tau-trung-quoc-o-bien-dong-4667924.html [Accessed March 4, 2024].
[6] Hoang, “The South China sea situation in 2023 and 2024”, East Sea Institute, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://en.nghiencuubiendong.vn/the-south-china-sea-situation-in-2023-and-2024.56514.anews [Accessed March 4, 2024].
[7] The Government of Malaysia, Malaysia Partial Submission to the Commission on the Limits of Continental Shelf pursuant to Article 76, paragraph 8 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982 in the South China Sea – Part I: Executive Summary, 2019. [Online]. Available https://www.un.org/depts/los/clcs_new/
submissions_files/mys85_2019/2019_12_12_MYS_NV_UN_001.pdf; https://www.un.org/depts/los/clcs_new/submissions_files/mys85_2019/20171128_MYS_ES_DOC_001_secured.pdf [Accessed March 4, 2024].
[8] D. Thuc, “Malaysia's East Sea policy under the administration of Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad in the period 2018 - 2020”, East Sea Institute, 2021. [Online]. Available: https://nghiencuubiendong.vn/chinh-sach-bien-dong-cua-malaysia -duoi-thoi-chinh-quyen-thu-tuong-mahathir-mohamad-giai-doan-2018-2020.50828.anews#ftn1 [Accessed March 4, 2024].
[9] J. Heydarian, “At a strategic crossroads: ASEAN centrality amid Sino-American rivalry in the Indo-Pacific'', Foreign Policy at Brooking, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://www.brookings.edu/articles/at-a-strategic-crossroads-asean-centrality-amid-sino-american-rivalry-in-the-indo-pacific/ [Accessd March 4, 2024].
[10] Siow, “Philippines’ U-turn on South China Sea code of conduct a sign tensions remain stumbling block to progress”, South China Morning Post, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.scmp.com /week-asia/politics/article/3253868/philippines-u-turn-south-china-sea-code-conduct-sign-tensions-remain-stumbling-block-progress [Accessed March 5, 2024].
[11] Association of Southeast Asian Nations, Chairman’s Statement of the 36th ASEAN Summit, June 26, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://asean.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Chairman-Statement-of-the-36th-ASEAN-Summit-FINAL.pdf [Accessed March 5, 2024].
[12] Association of Southeast Asian Nations, Joint Communiqué of the 56th ASEAN Foreign Ministers’ Meeting, [Online]. Available:https://asean.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/The-56th-AMM-Joint-Communique.pdf [Accessed March 5, 2024].
[13] Ghosh, “Big Brother Bullying: China’s actions in the South China Sea are bound to lead to counter - mobilization”, The Times of India, 2019. [Online]. Available: https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/
blogs/talkingturkey/big-brother-bullying-chinas-actions-in-the-south-china-sea-are-bound-to-lead-to-counter-mobilisation/ [Accessed March 5, 2024].
[14] The State Council Information Office of the People’s Republic of China, China’s National Defense in the New Era, [Online]. Available: https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/specials/whitepaperonnationaldefenseinnewera.pdf [Accessed March 5, 2024].
[15] T. Trung, “China’s plan for The South China Sea: A mixture of pressure and legal approaches”, Asia Maritime Transparency Initiative, 2021. [Online]. Available: https://amti.csis.org/chinas-plan-for-the-south-china-sea-a-mixture-of-pressure-and-legal-approaches/ [Accessed March 5, 2024].
[16] Dang, “Chinese ships have recently harassed Malaysia's oil and gas activities in the South China Sea and Malaysia's response”, East Sea Institute, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://nghiencuubiend ong.vn/tau-trung-quoc-quay-nhieu-hoat-dong-dau-khi-tren-bien-dong-cua-malaysia-thoi-gian-gan-day-va-cach-thuc-phan-ung-cua-malaysia.56405.anews [Accessed March 6, 2024]
[17] Hai, “China announces new 2023 map to put pressure on countries before important Summits”, Strategy Research, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://nghiencuuchienluoc.org/trung-quoc-cong-bo-ban-do-moi-2023-nham-gay-ap-luc-cho-cac-quoc-gia-truoc-cac-hoi-nghi-thuong-dinh-quan-trong/ [Accessed March 7, 2024].
[18] Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, “SIPRI Military Expenditure Database”, SIPRI Milex [Online]. Available: https://milex.sipri.org/sipri [Accessed March 8, 2024].
[19] H. Quan, “China’s two-faced policy with ASEAN in the East Sea issue”, Ca Mau Portal, 2017. [Online]. Available: https://www.camau.gov.vn/wps/portal/?1dmy&page=trangchitiet&urile=wcm%3Apath%3A/camaulibrary/camauofsite/gioithieu/chuyende/biendaoquehuong/tulieuvanban/fsdfcee [Accessed March 8, 2024].
[20] H. Hoang, Assessing and forecasting the impact of China's strategic adjustments and new development patterns on ASEAN and suggesting policies for Vietnam, Ha Noi: Social Sciences Publishing House, 2018.
[21] A. Laksmana, “The South China Sea talks between ASEAN and China”, IISS, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://www.iiss.org/
online-analysis/online-analysis/2023/08/the-south-china-sea-talks-between-asean-and-china/ [Accessed March 8, 2024].
[22] Linh, “The President of the Philippines ordered increased security in the South China Sea, amid tensions with China”, Tuoi Tre Online, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://tuoitre.vn/tong-thong-philippines-ra-lenh-tang-cuong-an-ninh-tren-bien-dong-giua-luc-cang-thang-voi-trung-quoc-20240331153757102.htm [Accessed March 8, 2024].
[23] Ministry Of Foreign Affairs of Malaysia, Malaysia’s Position on the South China Sea, [Online]. Available: https://www.kln.gov.my/web/guest/-/malaysia-s-position-on-the-south-china-sea [Accessed March 8, 2024].
[24] N. Quang, The Sea and Ocean Vision: Policy Implications from the Cases of Japan, India and the Philippines, Ha Noi: Social Sciences Publishing House, 2020.
[25] Communist Party of Vietnam, Documents of the 13th National Party Congress - Volume 1. Hanoi: National Political Publishing House, 2021.
[26] T. T. Hoa and L. Q. Manh, “US - China Security - Political Competition in the Indo - Pacific region and Policy Implications for VietNam”, Communist Review, 2022. [Online]. Available:https://www.tapchicongsan.org.vn/web/guest/the-gioi-van-de-su-kien/-/2018/825352/canh-tranh-my---trung-quoc-tai-khu-vuc-an-do-duong---thai-binh-duong-tren-linh-vuc-an-ninh---chinh-tri-va-mot-so-ham-y-chinh-sach-doi-voi-viet-nam-hien-nay.aspx. [Accessed March 8, 2024].